Dan David Foundation · 2024 · Prize ceremony & online publication

On Keisha Blain, and the woman who wanted to take her people home.

A two-and-a-half-minute tribute on a historian whose work has recovered the political and intellectual labor of Black women that most twentieth-century histories were too busy to see, and on one woman in Chicago, from poverty, who tried to move a whole people to a country in Africa.

The subject

Keisha N. Blain is Professor of Africana Studies and Professor of History at Brown University. Her scholarship works across the twentieth-century United States, Black internationalism, and Black women's intellectual history, and has consistently pulled forward the women on the margins of the record who advocated revolutionary social change.

Her book Set the World on Fire: Black Nationalist Women and the Global Struggle for Freedom (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2018) recovered a transnational network of Black women whose political work in the early-to-mid twentieth century was foundational to Black nationalism and Pan-Africanism, and largely absent from the histories of either. The Dan David Prize honored Blain as "a historian of the twentieth century United States with specializations in African American History, the modern African Diaspora, and Women's and Gender Studies", whose research uncovers "the histories of Black women on the margins of society who advocated revolutionary social changes."

Source material
FBI photograph of Mittie Maud Lena Gordon
Mittie Maud Lena Gordon, FBI file photograph. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Chicago field office. Gordon (1889–1961), born in Webster Parish, Louisiana, founded the Peace Movement of Ethiopia in Chicago on 7 December 1932 and, in 1933, delivered to Franklin D. Roosevelt a petition with roughly 400,000 signatures asking the government to support the emigration of Black Americans to West Africa. The state that watched her long enough to open a file is the same one whose photograph now survives as the standard image of her.
What we did with it
Film still: women moving toward Africa on a stylized world map
The Peace Movement of Ethiopia, in motion. The film places Gordon and her movement inside the geography they were arguing for. Not the petitioners at a distance from history, but the women whose political imagination was already, in the 1930s, transatlantic.
The aim

A woman of poverty, from a very small place in Louisiana, imagined how it could be if all the Black Americans who were being denied civil rights in their own country joined together and moved back to a country in Africa. That is somewhere between Theodor Herzl and Moses. It is also, and this is the point, entirely absent from the histories most people have read of either the twentieth-century United States or the pan-African movement. Blain's argument is that this was not a footnote. It was a mass political imagination that a woman like Mittie Maud Lena Gordon led, and that a country like the United States has, from its opening chapter, been very good at not seeing.

Blain herself has said, and Daniella shares this, that it matters to her as a woman of color to highlight the stories of women who look like her. The film was our way of joining that commitment visually. We took our cue from Gordon, and from the archival photograph of her movement standing on the steps of the Capitol in Washington. We reconstructed that photograph as an animated scene, so that a girl of color, or a woman of color, seeing this film in 2026, might see in front of her eyes what these women looked like, at scale, in the political theatre of the country they were arguing with. Whether Gordon's plan succeeded is not the point of the film. The visibility is.

Source material
Peace Movement of Ethiopia at the US Capitol, original photograph
Members of the Peace Movement of Ethiopia on the steps of the United States Capitol, c. 1930s. Historical photograph. Gordon and other PME members travelled to Washington to press their case for federally-supported emigration to West Africa, including through the 1939 Greater Liberia Bill introduced by Senator Theodore Bilbo of Mississippi. This photograph is the archival document from which the film's reconstruction was made.
What we did with it
Film still: the Capitol steps, reconstructed as an animated scene
The same steps, animated. The film's reconstruction of the original photograph, made so that a viewer without access to the archive could see what Gordon and her Peace Movement of Ethiopia looked like, at scale, in the room where they were arguing. The archive photograph, given back to the people it was of.
How the film is made

Each year the Foundation selects its winners and, with the help of the laureate, chooses the subject of the film they are being honored for. The Foundation’s team, who know that work intimately, help bring it to the page, and we turn it into script, image, register, and motion.

The one thing we keep from them is the film itself. It is made in their honor but held back, so that the first time Keisha Blain meets it, in animated form, is the evening of the prize — the very moment they are being celebrated for the work it depicts. That is the part of the project we love: a film that is also a gift, a surprise, revealed in the room where it does its work.

Where the films travel

The Dan David films don't end their life on the evening of the prize. After the ceremony they travel to YouTube and to the Foundation's own website, where each one sits alongside the committee's reasoning for choosing the laureate and further material on the research. The winners are interviewed once the films are public, and those interviews are woven into the published versions. Several laureates carry the films further still, into their teaching, playing them for graduate seminars, public lectures, and visiting audiences as a way of explaining, in two and a half minutes, what they have spent careers on.

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Credits

Client: Dan David Foundation
Subject: Prof. Keisha N. Blain, Brown University
Direction: Daniella Koffler
Animation: Moofa Animation Team
Year: 2024

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